Course title
量子力学入門   [Introduction to Quantum Dynamics]
Course category technology speciality courses,ets.  Requirement   Credit 2 
Department   Year 24  Semester Fall 
Course type Fall  Course code 022619
Instructor(s)
内藤 方夫   [NAITO Michio]
Facility affiliation Faculty of Engineering Office   Email address

Course description
Quantum mechanics had emerged in the beginning of the 20th century, but not suddenly. In the end of the 19th century, it had been believed that physics would have been completed by mechanics by Newton, electromagnetism by Maxwell, thermal physics by Boltzmann, and so on. But many experimental results, which could not be understood by such classical physics, were found one after another in the late 19th century. After enormous struggles and trial-and-errors, these strange experimental results had eventually been understood systematically by quantum mechanics. It took 50 years (1875-1925) to build up a new paradigm of physics. This lecture look back to how quantum mechanics was born. First the essence of "analytical dynamics", which bridges classical and quantum mechanics, is briefly introduced. Next classical physics For example "equipartition law of energy", one monumental law of classical thermal physics, fails in some cases for gas molecules, light (electromagnetic wave), etc.. In order to solve this failure, Max Planck proposed quantization of energy in 1900 while Einstein proposed the hypothesis of light quanta. Subsequently Niels Bohr stepped forward to new mechanics in 1913, based on the quantization of the electron orbit in hydrogen, which is known as "old quantum theory". These series of new ideas will be overviewed in the lecture. The development of quantum mechanics had been accomplished in 1925-26, by the two theories: Heisenberg's matrix mechanics and Schrodinger's wave mechanics. In the lecture, you also learn how these seemingly distant theories are related and how they were reached.
Expected Learning
Students are expected to learn
1. developments of physics in 1875-1925.
2. fundamental concepts of quantum mechanics.
3. basic ideas for electron, atom, and nucleus
Course schedule
I. Establishment of classical physics (1600-1850)
Newtonian mechanics
Development of modern physics and science
Philosophy of modern science
"Mechanics" view of the world
Go over mathematical mechanics - diversity of nature
Development of electromagnetism and thermodynamics

II. Analytical dynamics
Lagrangian equations of motion
Variational principle and Euler equation
Hamiltonian canonical equation
Schrodinger's wave equation

III. Imperfection of classical physics
Physics in 1850-1900
Kinetic theory of gas molecules ? equipartition law of energy
Deviation from the equipartition law of energy
Quantization of energy by Planck
Hypothesis of light quanta by Einstein (1905)

Midterm exam

IV. Electron, atom, and nucleus
Discovery of electron
De Broglie theory - Wave nature of matter, wave vs corpuscles
Atomic structure
Electron orbit around a nucleus
Bohr?Sommerfeld rule for quantization

V. Old quantum theory
Bohr's hypothesis
Quantization of angular moment
Bohr's principle of correspondence

VI. Matrix mechanics vs wave mechanics
From Bohr's correspondence principle to Heisenberg’s matrix mechanics
From de-Broglie wave theory for matter to Schrodinger's wave mechanics
Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle

VII. Nuclei and elementary particle (Supplementary lecture?)
Spin
Fermion and Boson
Quantum statistical mechanics

Final exam
Prerequisites
Mechanics (I) (II), Electromagnetics (Ⅰ), Mathematical Physics (I)
Required Text(s) and Materials
References
Max Born “Atomic Physics”, (Dover Publications Inc. New York)
Assessment/Grading
Midterm exam (40%), final exam (55%), attendances to the class, etc. (5%)
Message from instructor(s)
Course keywords
Office hours
Remarks 1
Remarks 2
Related URL
Lecture Language
Language Subject
Last update
9/17/2018 2:44:18 PM