| Course title | |||||
| 応用熱統計力学 [Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics] | |||||
| Course category | common courses | Requirement | Credit | 2 | |
| Department | Year | ～ | Semester | Spring | |
| Course type | Spring | Course code | 1060487 | ||
| Instructor(s) | |||||
| 三沢 和彦, 内藤 方夫 [MISAWA Kazuhiko, NAITO Michio] | |||||
| Facility affiliation | Faculty of Engineering | Office | Email address | ||
| Course description |
| Oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, etc. were believed till the mid-19th century to be permanent gas and never liquefied, as predicted by Lavoisier in the 18th century. In 1877, oxygen and nitrogen were liquefied, and in 1898, hydrogen was liquefied, then the challenge to reach absolute zero temperature started. After helium was liquefied in 1908, low-temperature physics was born as one field of the physics and achieved significant progress in the beginning of the 20th century. In this progress, technical developments to approaches absolute zero temperature and discoveries of new physics found at low temperatures were two wheels of a cart. The aim of the lecture is to learn these two sides from basic statistical mechanics and quantum mechanics and also to acquire high-level of understanding for the developments of low-temperature physics. |
| Expected Learning |
| Course schedule |
|
Chapter 1 Low-temperature physics (5 weeks) 1-1 Liquefaction by adiabatic expansion liquefaction of oxygen, nitrogen and hydrogen in the late 19th century, which were called as permanent gas till the mid-19th century, 1-2 Ideal gas vs real gas phenomenological van der Waals equation, particle-particle interaction, liquid vs vapor phases, first- and second-order phase transition 1-3 Statistical mechanics of the system with particle-particle interaction 1-4 Liquefaction by the Joule-Thomson effect evaporation cooling and dilution refrigerator. 1-5 Special cooling techniques adiabatic demagnetization cooling, laser cooling. Chapter 2 Quantum statistics (6 weeks) 2-1 Quantization seen by low temperature. 2-2 Quantum distribution function for boson systems Quantization of grid lattice vibration, lattice specific heat, lattice resistivity. 2-3 Quantization of fermion systems Quantization of free electron gas, electronic specific heat, Landau level, quantum Hall effect 2-4 Band structure and statistical physics of semiconductors Chapter 3 Anomalous quantum phenomena takin place at low temperatures (4 weeks) 3-1. Bose Einstein condensation 3-2. Superfluidity, 4He vs 3He 3-3. Superconductivity 3-4. Uncertainty between the particle number and the quantum phase. |
| Prerequisites |
| Electromagnetics I, II, Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics, Quantum mechanics I, II, Solid State Physics I, II are desirable, although not prerequisite, to have completed. |
| Required Text(s) and Materials |
| References |
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C. Kittel, “Thermal Physics” (W. H. Freeman and Company) F. Reif, “Fundamentals of Statistical and Thermal Physics” (Waveland Press, Inc.) |
| Assessment/Grading |
| Midterm tasks (twice) (30 x 2%), final exam (40%) |
| Message from instructor(s) |
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| Remarks 1 |
| Remarks 2 |
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| Last update |
| 9/21/2018 10:26:27 AM |